- Enlisted candidates E5 and up; highly skilled E4s will be screened on a case-by-casebasis. The Real IRA were then able to plant the bomb inside the perimeter of Caw Territorial Army camp close to Derry. Welcome to Northern Ireland. joint communications unit northern ireland 2022-06-16T04:18:32+00:00 By powers funeral home camden sc obituaries majestic funeral home elizabethtown, nc obituaries today Since each service has unique PCS requirements, we have built in some flexible parameters. David Howes never even got to fire a first shot.". This definition appears rarely and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories: John Carroll University Entrepreneurs Association (University Heights, Ohio) Jacksonville Community United Methodist Church (Jacksonville, NY) Jamaica Collaborative for Universal Technology Education. When he introduced himself, in his strong Cork. "At that time, being gay caused you to be kicked out of the Army. The Observer has spoken to Hartnett and obtained detailed information on his career in the Joint Communications Unit Northern Ireland (JCUNI), which appear to confirm his years of service. Former intelligence soldier says cameras and listening devices he planted in Northern Ireland are probably still in place. This wasnt your regular special operations unit. The unit's personnel did not use real ranks and names and were identified only by pseudonyms. Hartnett said his book originated while he was undergoing therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder after being discharged from the undercover army regiment in 2005. [1] The JCU has positions for active duty Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and DoD civilian personnel in a variety of communications, automation, electronics maintenance and logistic specialties. Wednesday . Hartnett revealed that British military intelligence in the early 2000s hid tiny cameras and bugs in various places, including one inside Altnagelvin hospital in Derry, as part of its secret war. By modern standards, the SRR is Britains direct counterpart to the U.S. Armys super-secret, covert, Intelligence Support Activity (ISA), created in 1981 to support Americas top counterterrorist units. Several examples have since come up for auction for collectors, at up to three times their original value. .skin-header-background { background-image: url(/Portals/_default/Skins/DOD2/resources/img/header-back.png) !important; } But there's more: discover your full benefits now. In a 30-page claim against the Army, which she read to an employment tribunal in Southampton, Cpl Mates said: "I began to understand the Army is a male preserve and a woman who tries to establish herself does so at the peril of her health and happiness. Sen Hartnett (not his real name), who has just published a book about his part in the secret counterterrorism war, said republicans were still gathering intelligence on the security forces in the early 2000s despite being on ceasefire, so we did the same on them. A warning shot was fired into the air by Wood, it was the first and only shot to be fired by either soldier that day. JCUNI - Joint Communications Unit Northern Ireland. Sinn Fein stewards were marshalling traffic and providing security in anticipation of another Loyalist attack. The 14 Int, as it was more commonly known, emerged in 1972 following the need for effective covert surveillance on both Catholic IRA and Protestant loyalist terrorists in Northern Ireland. My colleagues told me they were determined to take them out as one of them had been responsible for the murder of a police officer during the Troubles. A specialist handler who ran informants for the unit revealed to Hartnett that two Sinn Fin politicians were providing British forces with information. JCU was activated at Ft. Bragg, NC in 1980, after the failure of Operation Eagle Claw. Northern Ireland at the time was a powder keg waiting to explode. The scale of the exams, qualifications and testing system in England, Wales and Northern Ireland is huge, involving more than a million learners each year and thousands of centres. The Joint Communications Unit (JCU) is a technical unit of the United States Special Operations Command charged to standardize and ensure interoperability of communication procedures and equipment of the Joint Special Operations Command and its subordinate units. Three people had been killed, including Kevin Brady. 89 were here. For the first time, women could become members of a UK Special Forces unit. - Candidates leadership completes and submits the Leader Evaluation Form, - The Recruiter conducts an initial screening of the application for completeness, - Packet is forwarded to the Personnel Section for Branch/Detailer/Monitor approval, - Packet is screened by the Chain of Command for approval, - Candidate is notified of approval/disapproval forPhase III. Current unit strength is therefore conservatively estimated at 340 to 400 men and women. Northern Ireland's Tweets. The Norwegian Foot March is a timed physical fitness challenge in which service members must carry 25-pound rucksacks for 18.6 miles. Barrett is the world leader in long-range, large-caliber, precision rifle design and manufacturing. In 2008, the JECC was established to provide rapidly deployable, mission-tailored joint capability packages to combatant commanders in order to facilitate the rapid establishment of joint force headquarters, fulfill Global Response Force execution, and bridge joint operational requirements. The beatings and then stabbings continued until both men were eventually shot multiple times at point-blank range. If you believe any of the information you cannot edit is wrong or information is missing, please make a note of the reference number and . "As all this was happening, the Det's helicopter was frantically relaying the vehicle's details back to their operations room based in Palace Barracks. In the images we were shown, a silver VW Passat could be seen approaching the cortege and being stopped by the Sinn Fein stewards and directed to turn around and move away. She said: "I was frightened of Milligan. Allegations of collusion with loyalist paramilitaries were made against the unit. A pronto is the head communications non-commissioned officer in a Det. By Sean Rayment, Defence Correspondent 25 July 2004 12:01am . Under the Northern Ireland Protocol . Support Veteran Journalism . You must become a subscriber or login to view or post comments on this article. It took 50 years, but on Wednesday, the UK Supreme Court recognised that 14 men held without charge in Northern Ireland in 1971 were tortured. By (author) Sean Hartnett. Michael Smiths excellent, 2007 book, Killer Elite, describes this very special unit in great detail. The van was driven back to base, destined for the scrapyard., Hartnett says he was sceptical at the reason his commanding officer gave for saving Adairs life: concern that the UDA assassins would shoot his young daughter as well. The hit was to be carried out by two of the UDAs most experienced hitmen. Filled with roller coaster emotions and explosive revelations of British Intelligence covert capabilities and operations, Charlie One provides a truly unique, detailed and unbiased account of the secret war fought on the streets of Northern Ireland. International Irish Whiskey Day is celebrated on 3rd March or 3/3 each year which is two weeks to the day before St Patricks Day. One of the officers, a huge Welsh man who had spent the previous 20 years as a special duties operator in the North, stood at the top of the room and gave us the full story. But out of therapy came this book and its my story which I had to tell., Northern Ireland: when Britain fought terror with terror | Ian Cobain, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. The SRR was created to meet an increasing demand for special reconnaissance capability, as identified in the Strategic Defence Review of 2002, and to relieve the SAS and SBS of their intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) duties, in order for them to focus more on counterterrorism and direct action. Crystal Palace slide into relegation territory continues as own goal hands Aston Villa victory, West Ham fans turn on David Moyes after heavy 4-0 defeat at Brighton, Its a relief knowing shes not laying in a ditch somewhere husband whose missing wife turned up alive after 31 years, Relief for Graham Potter as Chelsea see off Leeds at Stamford Bridge. Sir Jeffrey first delivered the. Joint Contingency Plan in the event of widespread disruption to the Examination System in England, Wales and Northern Ireland 4 . Register with your email address now, we can then send you an alert as soon as we add a record close matching the one you were searching for. He has wide experience, from his time at the Joint Communications Unit, with Joint Special Operations Command, to his role as the Communications Operations Chief at 2nd Battalion 6th. The unit's personnel did not use real ranks and names. And although 14 Int worked closely with Hereford, which provided troopers so the Det could launch and run its first selection and training courses, jealousy and inter-service rivalry (as is often the case) were never too far away. During his training to work in surveillance in Northern Ireland, Sean Hartnett was given the inside story from British Intelligence of how Corporals Derek Wood and David Howes were killed by. (At that time there was no central database for JCU vehicles.). discovernorthernireland.com Joined March 2009. In many aspects, the SRR concept was similar to that of 30 Assault Unit (30 AU, also known as 30 Commando) in World War II, an intelligence-gathering commando force of 120 men, initially known as the Special Intelligence Unit, under the auspices of the Director of Naval Intelligence. Watch for the April 5 investment tax change, Preparing for a future sale of your business, Tom Allen is Completely committed to comedy and 'Auntie Glo', Weekend Q&A: ran Clarke from NI Opera's Nobody/Somebody, Mary Kelly: Unionists' tendency to turn a gift horse into a tin of dogmeat is legendary - and their Westminster chums are getting fed-up with it. But think for a second what might have happened if there'd been a sudden influx of soldiers or police, with armed PIRA members in the crowd. Premium subscribers enjoy unlimited access to all articles. Joint Communications Unit (JCU) YouTube Channel, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joint_Communications_Unit&oldid=1099692746, This page was last edited on 22 July 2022, at 03:42. [1] The unit formed the Special Reconnaissance Regiment in 2005.[4]. Northern Ireland Who wants to tell the 'truth' about NI's past? Adair himself had claimed he had been getting information from both British intelligence and Special Branch on republican targets for years, and we all knew that was a two-way street.. joint communications unit northern ireland June 15, 2022 in gangster hideouts in wisconsin Blog by Sen Hartnett claims that his unit was called in after it emerged that the UDA planned to kill Adair as he walked his eight-year-old daughter to school. Ideally, interested candidates should submit their application 12-15 months out from their eligible rotation date, butwe will accept themoutside of this window and work with you and your particular situation. He served in Europe and the Middle East, earned Air Force and Navy parachutist wings, eight more military qualification badges, two command badges, 19 U.S. military medals, and three foreign medals. Avaya Government Solutions. Commander, Seventh Fleet , and Joint forces operating within and around the Republic of Korea in support of numerous exercises, real world events and contingencies operations. Candidates are first tested as commandos on timed marches (known as beasts), and typically only 10 percent complete the initial Aptitude Phase at Sennybridge Training Camp and the Brecon Beacons hills of southeastern Wales. They were bombing again in Britain in the early 2000s; the rocket attack on MI5s headquarters and the bomb at the BBC come to mind. Hartnett says in the book that many of his colleagues who had served undercover in Derry and Belfast in the early 2000s are now active in the secret war against Islamic State and its offshoots. Please refresh the page or navigate to another page on the site to be automatically logged in, Please refresh your browser to be logged in, Female spy recounts 'catalogue of sexual harassment' in Army, Extra 20% off selected fashion and sportswear at Very, Up to 20% off & extra perks with Booking.com Genius Membership, $6 off a $50+ order with this AliExpress discount code, 10% off selected orders over 100 - eBay discount code, Compare broadband packages side by side to find the best deal for you, Compare cheap broadband deals from providers with fastest speed in your area, All you need to know about fibre broadband, Best Apple iPhone Deals in the UK March 2023, Compare iPhone contract deals and get the best offer this March, Compare the best mobile phone deals from the top networks and brands. Panic set in among those in the cortege. The court unanimously found it likely that "the . He also claims two senior unnamed Sinn Fin politicians have been supplying information to British intelligence for many years. You will benotifiedif you are eliminated from consideration for any reason. Two men on a motorbike would approach Adair, pull up beside him, and the passenger would spray him with bullets, Hartnett says. JCU was activated at Ft. Bragg, NC in 1980, after the failure of Operation Eagle Claw. Interestingly enough, one of the key figures in its founding was Commander Ian Fleming, later the author of the James Bond series of spy novels. You may visit his web site at: warrengray54.webs.com. Because she did not "sleep around", questions were asked about her sexuality, she said. function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('config', 'UA-112451989-1'); The mood that morning was one of anger, not just at the death of David Caldwell, a father of four, but ourselves for having failed the man, Hartnett says. A printed scroll is then fixed in place . The Wall Plaque design is screen printed onto a metal sheet, Then placed onto a raised gold or wood coloures shield and finally attatched to a solid wooden wall plaque. Had it been Adairs son Jonathan or even his wife Gina at risk, there probably would not have been an intervention.. Even with the risk to an eight-year-old girl, some people were still very uncomfortable with the idea of an operation to save Adair.. British intelligence stepped in to stop a loyalist hit squad from killing former UDA leader Johnny Adair but would have let it go ahead only there was a risk to his daughter. Hartnett said that after the Adair operation suspicions remained over the reason why the security forces wanted to save Adairs life. Male comrades told sexist jokes and deliberately marched too fast, something she said was a ploy to make life difficult for her as a female recruit. I'm not trying to justify what happened or saying that they deserved their fate, but they should never have been there. It was suspected by all at East Det that Adair must surely have also been providing information on his own organisation to the security services., Get the day's headlines delivered directly to your inbox, Cork-born former British soldier tried to join the IRA, Joint Communications Unit - Northern Ireland, Former Sinn Fein general secretary Rita OHare dies aged 80, Donaldson: DUP wont be knocked off course by rhetoric over Framework, Alliance willing to test legality of Stormonts voting system, Naomi Long warns, Harry says marijuana really' helped him deal with trauma, Tunisians march against inflation and president's squeeze on dissent. As the vehicle was surrounded and Wood was being dragged out, he produced his pistol and fired a single warning shot in the air. "If you look closely at the image on the screen you can see that the magazine housing is empty. The DPC is the Irish supervisory authority for the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and also has functions and powers related to other important . Start your Independent Premium subscription today. He later died from his injuries. On April 6, 2005, with the Global War on Terror raging simultaneously in Afghanistan and Iraq, the British government established the new, exceptionally secret Special Reconnaissance Regiment (SRR) of the British Army as part of the United Kingdom Special Forces (UKSF) at Stirling Lines barracks in Credenhill, Herefordshire, England. With robust designs and vintage classic style, discover the heritage of military timepieces today! The bike spun out and hit the ground, he says. The undercover soldiers tracking the cars missed the transfer of a bomb hidden in a lunchbox from one car to another on 2 August 2002. ga.src = 'https://www.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; 4.2 (157 ratings by Goodreads) Paperback. gtag('js', new Date()); I could feel my stomach tighten and my nerves on edge throughout. He said many were probably still in place. WILSON, Paul W, Petty Officer Writer, D129842E, died . Armed PIRA volunteers were mingling with the mourners. The Working Group on Unification Referendums on the Island of Ireland was established in 2019 to examine how any future referendums on the constitutional status of Northern Ireland would best be designed and conducted. With around 120 operators, both men and women, from all branches of the military, it split into four detachments, the Dets, each with its slice of the provinces toughest areas: Antrim, Londonderry, Belfast, and Newry. The two were dead just 12 minutes later. An official website of the United States government, 25S, 94E, 94W, 18E, 91B, 91D, 92A, 92Y, 42A, 255A, 255N, - Copies of last five evaluations or as many as you have, Hosted by Defense Media Activity - WEB.mil. They must have wondered if this was another Loyalist attack. 718. Candidates were required to pass a rigorous selection process, designed to select the individuals who possessed the necessary qualities to deal with undercover covert operations they'd be tasked with. However, the murder bid was prevented by undercover soldiers driving a van, which they rammed into the motorbike. The bug I know was planted in Raymond McCartneys house was so sophisticated I would be hugely surprised if it has ever been found.. The unit, which worked with the SAS, MI5 and the Special Branch, perfected the art of covert surveillance in urban and rural areas and created a network of . Those Real IRA pair do not realise how lucky there were.. Senior Sinn Fin members, the including former IRA hunger striker Raymond McCartney, were still being targeted in secret surveillance operations until the 2000s, he said. My hand moved under my shirt to my own pistol, still warm from a morning spent on the firing ranges. The JCU recruiter will coordinate your on-site activities and answer your questions. (I had always wondered why they hadn't fired more.). The name is an abbreviation of the original covername 14 Intelligence Company. Editors Note: This article is the first part in a three-part series. Wrightson served with 14 Intelligence Company (14 Int), Joint Communications Unit Northern Ireland on a tour in 1996, when his roles were 'Int collation & analysis supporting Special Duties.' Not all of the undercover teams were successful in halting attacks. "Let's be clear: as the head communications operator, a pronto never has call to be on the ground, irrespective of what the rumour mill might have been saying. Dissident republicans in Derry, Northern Ireland, commemorate the anniversary of the 1916 Easter Rising. Youve heard about the Special Air Service (SAS). The Balkans, the Middle-East, and Spain (to track possible IRA-ETA links and assist the Spanish government in its war against the Basque terrorist group) are just a few of the places its operators have been rumored to be. We put a bug into Raymond McCartneys house because we were not sure which way the republican movement was going in the early part of the 21st century.. "Ms Hinds co-founded the Northern Ireland Women's Coalition and participated in the two years of the multi party negotiations between 1996-1998 that . Charlie One by Sen Hartnett is published by Merrion Press, Former soldiers book reveals how assassination bid was thwarted by ramming a surveillance van into a motorbike used by two UDA hitmen, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. Furthermore, no one from the regular army knew that Howes and Wood were driving around the city that day. The Special Reconnaissance Unit, also known as 14 Intelligence Company was the successor to the Military Reaction Force (MRF). The events of those two previous weeks had produced some of the most tense moments of the Troubles. I only learned the truth that afternoon. Mata Hari (Margaretha Zelle), Dutch spy and Nonetheless, the vehicle was quickly surrounded, with black taxis boxing it in from the front and rear. The Joint Communications Unit ( JCU) is a unit of the Joint Special Operations Command charged to standardize and ensure interoperability of the communication procedures and equipment of JSOC and its subordinate units. He was escorted away though he remained close by. ", In 1999, her problems allegedly became more acute when she was sent to Kosovo, shared a tent with nine men and was forced to witness sexual obscenities. Use #MyGiantAdventure or #EmbraceAGiantSpirit. The SAS, SBS, and 18 Signals Regiment each have their own distinctive parachute badges awarded upon completion of jump training, but the SRR apparently wears the standard, British parachutist badge on their right shoulders, and not all SRR members are parachute trained. RecPak is a meal replacement for the outdoors that saves you weight, space and time in the most challenging environments, just add water. If you have questions not addressed here contact the JCU Recruiter at DSN 312-951-0203, Commercial910-951-0203. WIC graduates earn 18 semester hours credit through Cochise College in Terrorism and Counter Terrorism, Field Experience in Administration and Justice, Criminal Investigation, Applied Technical. The assignation plot was hatched at the height of loyalist infighting in 2002 after the UDAs leadership moved to oust the Shankill Road based commander from the organisation. Joint Communications Unit Northern Ireland - How is Joint Communications Unit Northern Ireland abbreviated? War Memorials Trust case: War Memorials Trust needs to avoid Contributors changing location/description details as we help to protect and conserve this war memorial through our casework.You can still add photographs, update condition and use the tabs below. Corporal Leah Mates, who served with the Det, a Northern Ireland surveillance unit, said she was left feeling suicidal because of her treatment by her superiors and the "anti-female prejudice that permeates the whole Army". Adair himself claimed he had been getting information from both British Intelligence and Special Branch on republican targets for years, and we all knew that was a two-way street, he said. The Joint Communications Unit (JCU) is the premiere communications organization within the Department of Defense. The technical advances they had made would lead even someone like me to struggle to pick out say a hidden camera in a parked vehicle these days, Hartnett said. Read Next: This Isnt the SAS: The Origins of Britains Most Secretive Unit, Featured image courtesy of the British Imperial War Museum. double agent, executed by the French in 1917. "When they blundered into the funeral cortege on the Andersonstown Road, they panicked. - USA MOS: 25A, 25B, 25H, 25U,25S, 94E, 94W, 18E, 91B, 91D, 92A, 92Y, 42A, 255A, 255N, - USAF AFSC: 1D7X1A, 1D7X1B, 1D7X1E, 1D7X1R, 1D791, 17D, 1B4X1, 2S0X1, 3F0X1, - USN Rate: IT, ET, CTM, ITS, CTN, LS, LSS2, PS, - USMC MOS: 0621, 0629, 0631,0639,0671, 0679, 17XX, 2841, 2862, 0699. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; British/Irish, Joint Ministerial Committee, North/South, European Policy and . Menu Sections. Hartnett says North Det the JCUNI unit in Derry temporarily lost perhaps its most valuable and potent surveillance tools. Joint Communications Support Element | MacDill Air Force Base FL I was told the plan was to surround the garage with undercover soldiers and open fire as the motorbike team turned up and the pillion passenger drew his gun. Ireland is a parliamentary democracy. I was sitting in the front row, the only Irishman in the room, and I could feel the eyes burning into the back of my head. A generic title used from time to time by the following formations of the UK and some allied Armed Forces: Please enter your password, it must be 8 or more characters, I agree to Terms and Conditions and Privacy Statement, Many exclusive records, found only on our site, 1 on 1 Personal assistance from military photo and document experts, Access to Orbats mapping tool, allowing you to trace your WW1 ancestors steps. His revelations are contained in a memoir, Charlie One, which is about to be published, with the title based on the coded call-sign British military intelligence used for its most wanted targets in Northern Ireland. In 1949 it became a republic and left the British Commonwealth. . 123.3K Followers. She served in that unit from January 2002 to February 2004, when its cover name was Joint Communications Unit Northern Ireland (JCUNI). Box 378 Red Hook, New York 12571 United States. The JCU had previously maintained a covert (black ops), surveillance-and-reconnaissance role against Irish Republican and loyalist terrorism, particularly the Provisional IRA, in Northern Ireland (which is sovereign, U.K. territory) since the 1970s, conducting a wide range of classified activities. The same will be true of any spying equipment that is planted in English cities and towns.. Communications. ) 1 Mar 2023, 11:24 Attachments Original Link Original. Asked where the strangest place was that he had planted a listening device, Hartnett replied: Definitely in Altnagelvin hospital in Derry. Perhaps youve heard about their maritime brethren, the Special Boat Service (SBS). Candidate completes and returns application package with the following: - Copies of last five evaluations or as many as you have In fact, in the vehicle was Corporal Derek Wood and Corporal David Howes, both members of the British army's Royal Corps of Signals attached to Joint Communications Unit (JCU), Northern Ireland, known as "the Det". But at the last minute, the attempted hit on the soldiers didnt take place because the Real IRA team couldnt get their motorbike started. "Had he checked the board, he would have seen that all of Belfast and most of the rest of Northern Ireland was coded red that day. International Irish Whiskey Day was established in 2016 by Irish born Whiskey Blogger Stuart McNamara from Ireland. Jake O'Kane: Is the DUP really going to sink the Assembly and reject the Windsor Framework? While his restraint was admirable, it ultimately proved to be fatal. I understood how they must be feeling. Both men were eventually dragged to the rear of nearby Casement Park where they were strip-searched and beaten further. "Wood was the 'pronto'. One of the most secretive and controversial units of the British army saved notorious loyalist terrorist Johnny "Mad Dog" Adair from assassination during a violent feud in Northern Ireland, an. The unit was so successful that, as the years progressed, it deployed farther and farther from British shores. .read more Also available as an audiobook audio Related books that may interest you: Charlie One In the 1990s there was an important peace process and the violence and conflict stopped. Candidates, both male and female, volunteered for special duties for periods of 1836 months, before being returned to a parent unit. Each timepiece was allocated to a specific soldier, with a signed agreement not to sell the watch for a specified period of time. Joint Communications Unit (Nurrungar Australia/US) Closed 1999 Associations: RN Communications Association 34 Admiralty Street Keyham Plymouth PL2 2BR E-mail: carl@summerskills.co.uk Website: http://www.rnca.info/ RN Communications Chiefs' Association 15 The Moorings Fareham Hants PO16 0TF Phone: 01329 312490 E-mail: honsec@rncca.com A total of 306 very expensive Rolex watches of both types were requested, and were apparently produced from 2008 to 2010, each costing at least $6,000 to $8,000 at the time, presumably as a reward for completing SRR selection and becoming a founding member of the lite (French spelling) unit. It was 2002 and after the Omagh bomb atrocity of 1998 the Real IRA had a resurgence. It is comprised of members from the Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and Civilian personnel in a variety of communications, automation, electronics Contact Who is Joint Communications Unit Headquarters According to Hartnett, both men were members of the Joint Communications Unit - Northern Ireland, who were based in Belfast. There is also initial surveillance-and-reconnaissance training, counterterrorism training, signals training, and patrol training. THANK YOU FOR SUPPORTING VETERAN JOURNALISM - JOIN SOFREP+ Dublin was set as the capital of the Irish Free State, and in 1937 a new constitution renamed the nation ire, or Ireland. Welcome! Our selection board consists of members from various elements within JCU. The incident changed forever how special duties and support staff operate in Northern Ireland and beyond. Its seen combat in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria, among other places. "Howes was the incoming pronto, just arrived in Northern Ireland and as green as grass as far as working with the Det was concerned. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. SRR members typically operate in civilian clothes, and wear uniforms only in their barracks, or for formal parades. Unionists have argued that Northern Ireland's place in the UK is being undermined by the protocol as it is being treated differently from Great Britain.